how ~ → 表方法(同 the way in which)
例句 |
That was the day when we first met.
(那就是我們初見面的那一天。)
= That was the day on which we first met.
A library is a place where we can borrow books.
= A library is a place at which we can borrow books.
(圖書館是一個我們可以借書的地方。)
Can you tell me the reason why he has run away from home?
= Can you tell me why he has run away from home?
(你能告訴我他離家出走的理由嗎?)
I didn’t see how he finished the job.
= I didn’t see the way in which he finished the job.
= I didn’t see the way he finished the job.
(我沒看到他是怎麼做完工作的。)
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1. 分詞可分為現在分詞(Ving)和過去分詞(p.p.)。
2. 現在分詞(Ving)作形容詞時,翻成「令人感到~的」。過去分詞(p.p.)作形容詞時,翻成「感到~的」。例:
3. 現在分詞(Ving)作形容詞,表
「主動」的概念,翻成「正要~的;即將~的」。過去分詞(p.p.)作形容詞,表
「被動」的概念,翻成「已經~的」。例:
4. 現在分詞(Ving)作形容詞,表
「動態」的概念,而過去分詞(p.p.)作形容詞,表
「靜態」的概念。
boiling water 沸騰中的水 → 動態
boiled water 煮開了的水 → 靜態
a moving target 移動中的目標 → 動態
a closed door 被關上的門 → 靜態
例句 |
The story is interesting.(故事是有趣的。)→ 事物吸引人
I’m interested in the story.(我對故事感興趣。)→ 人被吸引 |
5. 分詞句構
兩句在一起時,原應有連接詞連接。若兩句在一起,而無連接詞連接時,往往要化簡副詞句子,使其變成分詞片語後,則無連接上的問題。
化簡方式如下:
第一步: |
刪除相同的主詞,並在不傷害清楚性的前提下。刪除引導副詞子句的連接詞。 |
第二步: |
之後的be動詞或動詞均改為現在分詞。 |
第三步: |
若之後為be動詞,則變成現在分詞being 後,可省略,亦可不省略,以強調「被動」或「處在某種狀態」的意思。 |
2. 原級比較句構
句型:
as adj./adv. as ~ 與~一樣~
not + so/as + adj./adv. as ~ 不與~一樣~
例句 |
Tom is as tall as I (am).(湯姆和我一樣高。)
He is as careful as Peter.(他和彼得一樣謹慎。)
He is not as/so careful as Peter. (他不像彼得那樣謹慎。)
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3. than 引導的副詞子句句構須與主要子句句構一致
例句 |
He is more careful than you are.(他比你謹慎。)
He can sing better than you can.(他比你會唱歌。)
He studies harder than you study.(×)
→ He studies harder than you do.(○)(他比你用功。) |
句型:The + 比較級 ~ , the + 比較級~ 愈~就愈~
例句 |
The more food you eat, the fatter you are.
(你吃愈多食物,就變得愈胖。)
The harder you study, the better grades you get.
(你愈用功,成績愈好。)
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